鏈€鍏ㄦ寚鍗楋細鎬庢牱閫夋嫨鎶楄繃鏁忚嵂锛焈鐭ラ亾鏃ユ姤

鑽簵閲岀殑鎶楄繃鏁忚嵂鏈夊緢澶氱锛岃鎬庝箞閫夛紵涔颁竴绉嶈瘯璇曞惂锛佷笉琛屽啀鎹⑩€︹€︽渶鍚庤繕鏄病鎼炴竻妤氬埌搴曠敤鍟ヨ嵂鎵嶈兘濂姐€侟/p>

鈥斺€斿杺锛岃鐨勫氨鏄綘銆侟/p>

鎮ㄨ杩囨晱鍥版壈涔堬紵

鏄ュぉ涓囩墿澶嶈嫃锛岃崏闀胯幒椋烇紝鑺卞紑鐑傛极锛屾湰鏄竴骞翠箣涓殑濂芥椂鑺傘€傚彲瀵逛簬鏈夊鑺傛€ц繃鏁忕殑浜烘潵璇达紝鏄ュ鏄釜鏋佷笉鍙嬪ソ鐨勫鑺傦細鎵撳柗鍤忥紝榧诲锛屾祦榧绘稌锛岀溂鐫涚棐/绾㈣偪锛岀棝鑻︿竾鍒嗐€侟/p>

鍙堟垨鑰咃紝鐨偆鏃朵笉鏃朵細璧蜂竴浜涚孩鐐瑰瓙锛岀棐寰椾笉鎸犵牬鐨笉缃紤銆侟/p>

甯傞潰涓婄殑鎶楄繃鏁忚嵂鍝佺澶氬緱璁╀汉鐪艰姳缂贡锛屾湁鑽墖銆佹恫浣撳埗鍓傘€佸惛鍏ュ墏銆侀蓟鑵斿柗闆惧墏銆佺溂鑽按銆佹姽鐨偆涓婄殑闇滃墏鍜屾敞灏勫墏鈥︹€︽湁浜涙槸闈炲鏂硅嵂锛屽叾浠栧彧鑳介€氳繃澶勬柟鑾峰緱銆侟/p>

寰堝鍘熸潵鍙兘閫氳繃澶勬柟鑾峰緱鐨勮繃鏁忚嵂鐗╃幇鍦ㄥ拰缁寸敓绱犱竴鏍峰鏄撹喘涔帮紝鎵€浠ュ緢澶氳繃鏁忔偅鑰呴€氬父浼氳嚜宸卞幓鑽簵鎸戦€夎嵂鐗╂潵瑙ｅ喅闂銆侟/p>

鍥撅細鐞崇悈婊＄洰鐨勬姉杩囨晱鑽攤鏉ヨ嚜缃戠粶

浣嗘槸锛岃嵂搴楅噷鏈夐偅涔堝涓嶅悓鐨勭墝瀛愶紝鍒板簳鍝鑽ソ鍛紵涓轰簡閫夋嫨鑽墿锛屼汉浠笉寰椾笉缁欒嚜宸卞仛璇婃柇锛屽嵈缁忓父鍋氬嚭閿欒鐨勫喅瀹氥€傜敤浜嗕竴闃佃嵂锛岄棶棰樻棤娉曟湁鏁堣В鍐筹紝鍐嶆崲鍙︿竴绉嶁€︹€︽渶鍚庡皾璇曚簡澶氱鑽墿鐨勬贩鍚堟不鐤楋紝浣嗙棁鐘惰繕鏄病鏈夌紦瑙ｃ€傞櫎浜嗘渶甯歌鐨勬姉缁勮兒鑽箣澶栵紝寰堝浜虹敋鑷充笉鐭ラ亾杩樻湁鍏朵粬杩囨晱娌荤枟鏂规銆傛渶缁堬紝鑺变簡璁稿閽憋紝鐢ㄧ殑鑽笉瀵癸紝杩囨晱鐥囩姸涔熸病鏈夊お澶氭敼鍠勩€侟/p>

涓€椤瑰杩?00鍚嶆境澶у埄浜氫汉杩涜鐨勮皟鏌ュ彂鐜帮紝鍦ㄨ姳绮夎繃鏁忔偅鑰呬腑锛屽彧鏈変笉鍒?7锛呯殑浜洪€夋嫨浜嗘纭殑闈炲鏂硅嵂鏉ユ不鐤椾粬浠殑鐥囩姸[1]銆傛洿绯熺硶鐨勬槸锛屽緢澶氳涓鸿嚜宸辨槸鑺辩矇杩囨晱鐨勪汉鍏跺疄寰楃殑鏄叾浠栫梾锛屽闈炶繃鏁忔€ч蓟鐐庯紝鎰熷啋/娴佹劅锛屾垨榧荤鐐庣瓑銆傝櫧鐒惰繖椤圭爺绌朵富瑕佹槸閽堝婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹浜猴紝浣嗘槸鍒殑鍥藉鐨勪汉搴旇涔熷樊涓嶅銆侟/p>

浠婂ぉ灏辨潵浠嬬粛涓€涓嬩笉鍚岀绫荤殑杩囨晱鑽墿鍜岀枟娉曪紝浠ュ強搴旇鎬庢牱閫夋嫨鏈€閫傚悎鎮ㄧ殑鑽墿銆侟/p>

浜轰负浠€涔堜細杩囨晱

绠€鍗曞湴璇达紝杩囨晱灏辨槸鍏嶇柅绯荤粺鏁屾垜涓嶅垎鐨勭粨鏋溿€傚厤鐤郴缁熼敊璇湴鎶婃帴瑙﹀埌鐨勬棤瀹崇墿璐ㄢ€斺€斾緥濡傝姳绮夋垨鍏朵粬杩囨晱鍘熲€斺€旈敊璇湴璁や负鏄嵄闄╃殑鍏ヤ镜鑰咃紝骞跺洜姝も€滈噴鏀剧寧鐘€濓紙鍏嶇柅缁嗚優绛夛級鍜屽垎娉屼竴浜涚墿璐ㄦ潵瀵规姉杩欎簺鍋囨兂鏁屻€傚垎娉岀殑鐗╄川涓湁涓€涓垎瀛愬彨缁勮兒锛坔istamine锛夛紝浼氬埡婵€榧诲瓙涓殑绁炵粡浠庤€屽紩鍙戞墦鍠峰殢銆傜粍鑳鸿繕浼氳娑蹭綋鍜岀櫧缁嗚優绌胯繃寰皬鐨勬瘺缁嗚绠★紝浣块蓟鑵斿唴鍏呮弧娑蹭綋鍜屽彲浠ュ鎶楀叆渚电墿鐨勭粏鑳炪€傝繖浜涘弽搴旂殑鏈€缁堢粨鏋滃氨鏄蓟鍐呯矘鑶滃彂鐐庯紝浜х敓寰堝寰堝鐨勭矘娑层€傝繖绉嶇棁鐘剁殑鍖诲鍚嶇О鍙繃鏁忔€ч蓟鐐庯紙allergic rhinitis锛夛紝涓昏鐗瑰緛灏辨槸榧诲鎴栨祦榧绘稌锛岀溂鐫涘彂鐥掓垨娴佺溂娉紝鎵撳柗鍤忥紝鍜冲椊锛屾湁鏃惰繕鏈夊枆鍜欑棝銆侟/p>

甯歌鐨勮繃鏁忓師鍖呮嫭锛氳姳绮夈€佸姩鐗╃毊灞戙€佺窘缁掋€佽灗铏€佸寲瀛︾墿璐ㄥ拰鏌愪簺椋熺墿銆侟/p>

杩囨晱鎬ч蓟鐐庢湰韬苟涓嶄細閫犳垚鐢熷懡鍗遍櫓锛屼絾瀹冨彲鑳借鍙戝叾浠栫柧鐥咃紝濡傚摦鍠 锛坅sthma锛夛紝涓€绉嶆參鎬у拰娼滃湪鑷村懡鐨勮偤閮ㄧ柧鐥咃紝浠ュ強榧荤鎰熸煋锛坰inus infection锛夈€侟/p>

鍥撅細杩囨晱鍙嶅簲鐨勬満鐞嗐€備綔鑰呬慨鏀瑰埗鍥锯攤 鍘熷浘鏉ヨ嚜浜巋ttps://wordsonhealth.com/

杩欏効鍐嶈涓€涓嬭繃鏁忔€ч蓟鐐庡拰榧荤鎰熸煋鐨勫尯鍒€傚洜涓哄ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐥囩姸鐩镐技锛屽緢澶氫汉缁忓父鎶婁粬浠悶娣枫€備絾杩欐槸涓ょ涓嶅悓鐨勭梾锛岀梾鍥犱笉鍚岋紝鐤楁硶涔熶笉鍚屻€備粩缁嗚瀵熷叿浣撶棁鐘讹紝閫氬父鍙互纭畾鍒板簳鏄摢涓€绉嶇柧鐥呫€侟/p>

榧荤鎰熸煋锛屼篃绉颁负榧荤鐐庯紙sinusitis锛夛紝鏄洜涓烘劅鏌撹€屽鑷撮蓟绐﹀彂鐐庡拰鑲胯儉銆傝偪鑳€浣块蓟绐﹂毦浠ユ帓娑诧紝浠庤€岀矘娑茬Н鑱氾紝榧诲锛屽懠鍚稿洶闅俱€傞蓟绐︾値閫氬父浼氬紩璧烽粍鑹叉垨缁胯壊鐨勯蓟娑曪紝鍠夊挋鐥涳紝鍜冲椊鎴栧ご鐥涳紝浠ュ強鐪肩潧銆佽劯棰娿€侀蓟瀛愭垨鍓嶉鍛ㄥ洿鐨勫帇鍔涙垨鐥涙劅銆侟/p>

澶у鏁版儏鍐典笅锛岄蓟绐︾値鏄梾姣掑紩璧风殑銆傜梾姣掓劅鏌撻€氬父浼氬湪涓€鍛ㄥ埌鍗佸ぉ鍐呰嚜琛屾秷澶便€傛湡闂村浼戞伅锛屽鍠濇按锛屾湇鐢ㄩ潪澶勬柟姝㈢棝鑽拰缂撹В榧诲鐨勮嵂鐗╁彲浠ュ府鍔╃紦瑙ｇ棁鐘讹紝璁╀汉鎰熻濂戒竴浜涖€傚皯閮ㄥ垎榧荤鐐庢槸鐢辩粏鑿屽紩璧风殑锛岃繖绉嶆劅鏌撻€氬父涔熶笉闇€瑕佹不鐤楋紝浣嗗鏋滃緢涓ラ噸鎴栬€呮寔缁殑鏃堕棿澶暱锛屽氨闇€瑕佹湇鐢ㄦ姉鐢熺礌浜嗭紝渚嬪闃胯帿瑗挎灄锛坅moxicillin锛夊拰寮哄姏闇夌礌锛坉oxycycline锛夌瓑銆侟/p>

浠庝笂闈㈢殑鎻忚堪锛屽ぇ瀹朵篃鐪嬪埌浜嗚繃鏁忔€ч蓟鐐庡拰榧荤鐐庣殑璁稿鐥囩姸寰堢浉浼笺€傛湁涓ょ偣鍙互鎶婂畠浠尯鍒嗗紑鏉ワ細

濡傛灉鏈夌溂鐫涚棐锛屾祦鐪兼唱锛屽簲璇ユ槸杩囨晱鎬ч蓟鐐庛€侟/p>

濡傛灉鏈夊帤鐨勯粍鑹叉垨缁胯壊鐨勯蓟娑曞垯鏇村彲鑳芥槸榧荤鎰熸煋銆侟/p>

閭ｄ箞涓€鏃︾‘瀹氫簡鏄繃鏁忥紝鍝鐤楁硶鏈€濂斤紵

鏈変簡杩囨晱浠ュ悗鎬庝箞鍔濣/strong>

鎺у埗杩囨晱鐨勮嵂鐗╂渶甯歌鐨勬湁涓ゅぇ绫汇€備竴绉嶆槸鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂锛坅nti-histamines锛夛紝鍙︿竴绉嶆槸鐨川绫诲浐閱囷紙corticosteroids锛夈€侟/p>

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂锛岄【鍚嶆€濅箟锛岃繖绫昏嵂鐗╂槸閫氳繃闃绘柇浣撳唴鍏嶇柅鍙嶅簲涓噴鏀剧殑缁勮兒鑰岃捣浣滅敤銆傝繖鏄竴绉嶈€佽嵂浜嗭紝绗竴浠ｆ姉缁勮兒鑽嫰娴锋媺鏄庯紙benadryl锛夛紝浜?946骞翠笂甯傞攢鍞紝澶у閮借€崇啛鑳借浜嗗惂銆侟/p>

鍥撅細鐢靛奖Hitch(銆婂叏姘戞儏鏁屻€? 閲岄潰Will Smith鍥犱负椋熺墿杩囨晱鐏岃嫰娴锋媺鏄庣殑鍦烘櫙鈹傛埅鍥炬潵鑷數褰盚itch

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂涔熸湁寰堝绉嶄笉鍚岀殑褰㈠紡 锛屽寘鎷嵂鐗囷紝娑蹭綋鍒跺墏锛屾淮鐪兼恫鍜岄蓟鑵斿柗闆惧墏绛夌瓑銆侟/p>

鍙ｆ湇鐨勮嵂鐗囨垨鑰呮恫浣撳舰寮忕殑鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鑳藉缂撹В娴侀蓟娑曪紝鐪肩潧鍙戠棐鎴栬€呮祦鐪兼唱锛岃崹楹荤柟锛岃偪鑳€鍜屽叾浠栬繃鏁忕棁鐘躲€傝繖浜涜嵂鐗╅€氬父鍒嗕负涓ゅぇ绫伙細

鑰佺殑鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂锛氳繖浜涜嵂浼氬鑷村棞鐫″拰鐤插姵锛屾墍浠ュ綋鎮ㄩ渶瑕佸紑杞︽垨鍋氬叾浠栭渶瑕侀泦涓簿鍔涚殑娲诲姩鏃讹紝搴旇閬垮厤浣跨敤銆傝繖绫昏嵂鐗╁寘鎷嫰娴锋媺鏄庯紙benadryl锛宒iphenhydramine锛夈€佹隘鑻偅鏁忥紙chlorphenamine锛夈€佺緹鍡紙hydroxyzine锛夊拰寮備笝鍡紙promethazine锛夈€侟/p>

鏂颁竴浠ｇ殑鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂锛氳繖浜涜嵂鐗╀笉浼氳浣犳劅鍒板お鍥般€傝繖鏄洜涓哄畠浠粡杩囨敼鍠勶紝涓嶈兘閫忚繃琛€鑴戝睆闅滐紝鎵€浠ヤ笉浼氬澶ц剳鏈変綔鐢紝浣嗘槸鍙互鍦ㄩ櫎澶ц剳浠ュ鐨勫湴鏂瑰伐浣溿€傝繖绫昏嵂鐗╁寘鎷笅琛ㄦ墍鍒楃殑鑽墿锛欬/p>

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鐗╀篃鏈夐蓟鑵斿柗闆惧墏锛屽彲浠ュ府鍔╃紦瑙ｆ墦鍠峰殢锛岄蓟瀛愮棐鎴栨祦榧绘稌锛岄蓟绐﹀厖琛€鍜岄蓟鍚庢淮婕忋€傚壇浣滅敤鍙兘鍖呮嫭鑻﹀懗锛屽棞鐫℃垨鐤插姵銆傝繖绫昏嵂鐗╁ぇ澶氭暟鏄鏂硅嵂锛屽寘鎷細Astelin鎴朅stepro锛坅zelastine锛屾爱鍗撴柉姹€锛夊拰 Patanase锛坥lopatadine锛屽ゥ娲涗粬瀹氾級銆侟/p>

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂婊寸溂娑叉湁闈炲鏂硅嵂鎴栧鏂硅嵂锛屽彲鑳藉惈鏈夋姉缁勮兒鑽拰鍏朵粬鑽墿鐨勭粍鍚堬紝鍙互缂撹В鐪肩潧鍙戠棐鍜岀孩鑲裤€傚壇浣滅敤鍖呮嫭澶寸棝鍜岀溂鐫涘共娑┿€傚鏋滀娇鐢ㄧ殑鏃跺€欐劅瑙夊埌鍒虹棝鎴栫伡浼わ紝鍙互鎶婃淮鐪兼恫鍐疯棌浠ュ悗鍐嶄娇鐢ㄣ€傚父瑙佺殑鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂婊寸溂娑插寘鎷細

鐨川绫诲浐閱嘃/p>

鐨川绫诲浐閱囨槸閫氳繃鍦ㄩ噴鏀剧粍鑳轰箣鍓嶅氨鎶戝埗鍏嶇柅绯荤粺鐨勫弽搴旀潵璧蜂綔鐢紝鏄竴绉嶆瘮鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鏇村叏闈㈢殑鐤楁硶銆侟/p>

鐢ㄤ簬娌荤枟杩囨晱鐨勭毊璐ㄧ被鍥洪唶涓昏鏄蓟鍠烽浘鍓傦紙nasal sprays锛夈€傜毊璐ㄧ被鍥洪唶榧诲柗闆惧墏鍙互棰勯槻鍜岀紦瑙ｉ蓟濉烇紝鎵撳柗鍤忓拰娴侀蓟娑曘€傚壇浣滅敤鍖呮嫭璁╀汉鎰熻涓嶈垝鏈嶇殑姘斿懗鎴栧懗閬擄紝榧诲瓙涓嶈垝鏈嶅拰娴侀蓟琛€銆備緥瀛愬寘鎷細

濡傛灉鎮ㄤ笉鍠滄杩欎簺鍠烽浘鐨勫懗閬撴垨鏄笉鍠滄鏈夋恫浣撲粠鍠夊挋娴佹穼涓嬫潵鐨勬劅瑙夛紝鍙互鑰冭檻涓ょ姘旀憾鑳堕厤鏂圭殑鍠峰墏锛歈nasl锛坆eclomethasone锛夊拰Zetonna锛圕iclesonide锛夈€侟/p>

涓庢姉缁勮兒鑽浉姣旓紝鐨川绫诲浐閱囬蓟鍠烽浘鍓傛槸涓€绉嶇浉瀵硅緝鏂扮殑鑽墿锛屽ぇ澶氭槸闈炲鏂硅嵂銆侼asacort浜?013骞村簳鑾峰緱鎵瑰噯涓婂競锛孎lonase浜?015骞村垵鍒氬垰浣滀负闈炲鏂硅嵂鍗栥€侟/p>

杩樻湁涓€浜涘叾浠栧舰寮忕殑鐨川绫诲浐閱囷紝澶ч儴鍒嗘槸澶勬柟鑽紝鎬荤粨鍦ㄤ笅琛細

鍝杩囨晱鑽瘮杈冨ソ锛烖/p>

浠€涔堟儏鍐典笅閫夋嫨鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂锛烖/p>

濡傛灉鎮ㄥ垰寮€濮嬫湁绮夊皹杩囨晱鐨勭棁鐘讹紝鎴栬€呭彧鏄伓灏斿洜涓烘煇浜涚壒鍒己鐨勮繃鏁忓師寮曡捣浜嗙煭鏈熷弽搴旓紝鍙互灏濊瘯浣跨敤鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鏉ュ揩閫熺紦瑙ｇ棁鐘躲€侟/p>

浣嗘槸涓€瀹氳娉ㄦ剰锛岀涓€浠ｆ姉缁勮兒鑽細寮曡捣涓€浜涗汉鐨勫棞鐫″拰鎬濈淮娣蜂贡 (杩欎篃鍙鑷磋穼鍊?銆傜浜屼唬鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂铏界劧鑽晥鐩告瘮绗竴浠ｅ苟娌℃湁澧炲己锛屼篃璐典竴浜涳紝浣嗚繖浜涜嵂鐗╀笉澶彲鑳藉紩璧峰棞鐫★紝閫傚悎鐧藉ぉ浣跨敤銆侟/p>

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂婊寸溂娑插彲鐢ㄤ簬缂撹В鐪肩潧鐥掑拰娴佺溂娉€侟/p>

浠€涔堟儏鍐典笅閫夋嫨浣跨敤鐨川绫诲浐閱囷紵

濡傛灉鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂涓嶈兘缂撹В鐥囩姸锛屾垨鑰呮偍鍥哄畾鍦板湪鐗瑰畾瀛ｈ妭鍙戠敓杩囨晱鍙嶅簲 (渚嬪锛屾槬澶╃殑鏍戣姳绮夛紝鍒濆鐨勮崏锛屾櫄澶忓拰绉嬪ぉ鐨勮睔鑽?锛屾垨鑰呮偍鏈夐暱鏈熺殑杩囨晱鐥囩姸锛岃繖鏃跺€欏氨闇€瑕佽€冭檻鏇村己鏁堢殑鐨川绫诲浐閱囪嵂鐗┿€備竴浜涚爺绌惰〃鏄庯紝绗竴浠ｆ姉缁勮兒鑽鏋滄瘡澶╂寔缁娇鐢紝涓夊懆浠ュ悗灏卞彉寰椾笉閭ｄ箞鏈夋晥浜哰2]锛岀浜屼唬鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鏄笉鏄篃鏈夎繖涓棶棰橈紝杩樻病鏈夎璇佸疄[3]銆侟/p>

鍦ㄧ値鐥囧弽搴旀棭鏈熺殑缁勮兒閲婃斁闃舵锛屾姉缁勮兒鑽‘瀹炴湁浣滅敤锛屼絾鐨川绫诲浐閱囬蓟鍠烽浘鍓傝兘鎶戝埗鍚庢湡闃舵锛岄噰鍙栫殑鏂规硶涔熸洿鍏ㄩ潰銆傚湪涓撲笟浜哄＋鐪间腑锛屽悗鑰呮槸浼楁墍鍛ㄧ煡鐨勩€佹渶鏈夋晥鐨勮繃鏁忔€ч蓟鐐庣枟娉昜4]銆侟/p>

鐨川绫诲浐閱囬蓟鍠烽浘鍓傜殑鑽晥閫氬父瑕佽繙浼樹簬鍙ｆ湇鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂[5, 6]锛屼絾瀹冩湁涓ゅぇ缂虹偣锛欬/p>

璧蜂綔鐢ㄦ瘮杈冩參锛岄€氬父鑷冲皯闇€瑕佷袱鍒板洓鍛ㄦ墠鑳借揪鍒版渶浣虫晥鏋滐紝鎵€浠ュ簲浠樼獊鍙戞儏鍐电殑鏃跺€欎細鏄惧緱涓嶉偅涔堟湁鐢ㄣ€備絾姣忓勾鍚屾牱鐨勬椂鍊欓兘浼氭湁鐥囩姸鐨勮瘽锛屽湪鐥囩姸寮€濮嬪墠灏变綔涓洪闃茬敤璧锋潵锛屼細杈惧埌寰堝ソ鐨勬晥鏋溿€侟/p>

鐨川绫诲浐閱囨湁鍓綔鐢細瀹冧滑浼氬紩璧锋祦榧昏銆侀潚鍏夌溂鎭跺寲锛涘湪鏋佸皯鏁版儏鍐典笅锛屽畠浠細鍦ㄩ蓟涓殧涓婂紕鍑轰釜娲炪€傞暱鏈熶娇鐢ㄥ挨鍏惰灏忓績銆侟/p>

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鍜岀毊璐ㄧ被鍥洪唶鑽墿涓嶄簰鐩告帓鏂ワ紝鏈夋椂鍚屾椂浣跨敤鏄渶鏈夋晥鐨勬不鐤楁柟娉曘€侟/p>

鎻愬墠鐢ㄨ嵂锛烖/p>

濡傛灉鎮ㄦ湁瀛ｈ妭鎬ц繃鏁忥紝姣忓勾澶х害鍦ㄥ浐瀹氱殑鏃跺€欏嚭鐜扮棁鐘讹紝鍙互鑰冭檻鎻愬墠鐢ㄨ嵂鏉ユ洿濂藉湴鎺у埗鐥囩姸锛屾湁鏃剁敋鑷冲彲浠ュ畬鍏ㄩ槻姝㈢棁鐘跺嚭鐜般€侟/p>

浣跨敤鑽墿鏉ユ彁鍓嶆姂鍒惰韩浣撶殑闃插尽绯荤粺锛屽彲浠ラ闃茶韩浣撳鑺辩矇杩涜涓嶅繀瑕佺殑瀵规姉銆傛彁鍓嶅悆鑽潵棰勯槻鏈変袱涓富瑕佺殑鍘熷洜锛欬/p>

涓€浜涜嵂鐗╋紝濡傜毊璐ㄧ被鍥洪唶榧诲柗闆惧墏锛岄渶瑕佸嚑鍛ㄦ墠鑳藉畬鍏ㄨ鏁堛€侟/p>

寰堝鏃跺€欒繃鏁忓弽搴斾細浜х敓闆悆鏁堝簲銆備竴鏃﹀弽搴斿紑濮嬶紝灏卞緢闅惧仠姝紝瓒婃潵瓒婂鐨勭値鐥囩粏鑳炶鎷涢泦鍒伴蓟瀛愬拰榧荤锛岀棁鐘跺彉寰楁洿鍔犱弗閲嶏紝瓒婃潵瓒婇毦娌荤枟銆傚鏋滆兘鍦ㄥ弽搴斿紑濮嬪墠灏遍樆姝㈠弽搴旓紝灏卞彲浠ラ槻姝㈡儏鍐典笉鍙帶鍒剁殑鎭跺寲銆侟/p>

鍏朵粬鑽墿

瀵逛簬澶у鏁颁汉鏉ヨ锛岄噰鐢ㄤ繚瀹堢殑鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂鍜岀毊璐ㄧ被鍥洪唶榧昏厰鍠烽浘鍓傜殑鏍囧噯鐤楁硶灏卞浜嗭紝姣曠珶寰堝浜洪渶瑕佺殑鍙槸椤虹晠鍛煎惛锛屾秷闄ゅぇ閮ㄥ垎杩囨晱鎬ч蓟鐐庣殑鐥囩姸銆侟/p>

濡傛灉杩欎袱绫昏嵂鐗╄繕鏄笉琛岀殑璇濃€︹€﹀垢濂斤紝鎴戜滑杩樻湁鍒殑閫夋嫨銆侟/p>

鍑忓厖琛€鍓 (decongestants)

榧剧矘鑶滃噺鍏呰鍓傛槸涓€绉嶅揩閫燂紝浣嗘槸鍙槸鏆傛椂鐨勭枟娉曘€傚畠浠彲浠ユ敹缂╄绠★紝鏈夊姪浜庡噺杞婚蓟鑵旂値鐥囧苟缂撹В榧诲鐥囩姸銆侟/p>

璁稿鍙ｆ湇鐨勮繖绫昏嵂鐗╁悓鏃跺惈鏈夊噺鍏呰鍓傚拰鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂銆傝繖浜涜嵂鐗╀細鏈変竴瀹氱殑鍓綔鐢紝鑰佸勾浜哄挨鍏舵晱鎰燂紝鍦ㄤ娇鐢ㄥ墠鍔″繀鍜ㄨ鍖荤敓銆傚畠鍙互閫犳垚琛€鍘嬪崌楂橈紝涔熸槸鍏村鍓傦紝鍙互澧炲姞蹇冪巼鎴栧紩璧风劍铏戞垨澶辩湢锛屽洜姝や笉鎺ㄨ崘瀛曞锛屾垨鑰呮偅鏈夐潚鍏夌溂銆佸績鑴忕梾銆侀珮琛€鍘嬨€佺硸灏跨梾鎴栧績缁炵棝鐨勪汉浣跨敤銆侟/p>

杩欑被鑽墿涔熸湁榧昏厰鍠烽浘鍓傦紝浣跨敤鏈€濂戒笉瑕佽秴杩囦袱鍒颁笁澶╋紝鍚﹀垯鍙兘浼氶€傚緱鍏跺弽锛屽鑷存瘮涓€寮€濮嬬殑鑲胯儉鏇村ぇ銆侟/p>

杩欑被鑽墿涓昏鍖呮嫭浠ヤ笅杩欎簺锛欬/p>

鑲ュぇ缁嗚優绋冲畾鍓 (Mast cell stabilizer)

鎶楃粍鑳鸿嵂涓嶈捣浣滅敤鎴栬€愬彈涓嶈壇鏃讹紝鍙互鑰冭檻浣跨敤鑲ュぇ缁嗚優绋冲畾鍓傘€傝偉澶х粏鑳炵ǔ瀹氬墏鍙互闃绘闃昏兒绛夊绉嶅紩鍙戣繃鏁忓弽搴旂殑鍖栧鐗╄川鐨勯噴鏀俱€傝繖浜涜嵂鐗╅€氬父鏄畨鍏ㄧ殑锛屼絾閫氬父闇€瑕佷娇鐢ㄥ嚑澶╂墠鑳借揪鍒板畬鍏ㄦ晥鏋溿€侟/p>

瀹冧篃鏈夐蓟鍠烽浘鍓傚拰鐪艰嵂姘淬€傞蓟鍠烽浘鍓傚寘鎷潪澶勬柟鑽殑Crolom (cromolyn, 鑹茬敇閰?銆傜溂鑽按澶у鏄鏂硅嵂锛屽寘鎷珻rolom (cromolyn锛岃壊鐢橀吀閽?锛孉lomide (lodoxamide锛屾礇搴︽矙)锛孉lamast (premirolast锛屽悺鍢у徃鐗归捑)鍜孉locril (nedocromil锛屽澶氱綏绫?銆侟/p>

鐧戒笁鐑姂鍒跺墏 (Leukotriene inhibitors)

鐧戒笁鐑姂鍒跺墏鏄竴绉嶅鏂硅嵂锛岄€氳繃鎶戝埗鍙︿竴绉嶄細寮曡捣鐐庣棁鐨勭墿璐ㄧ櫧涓夌儻锛坙eukotrienes锛夎€岃捣浣滅敤锛岃繖绉嶅彛鏈嶈嵂鍙互缂撹В鍖呮嫭榧诲锛屾祦榧绘稌鍜屾墦鍠峰殢绛夎繃鏁忕棁鐘躲€傜櫧涓夌儻鎶戝埗鍓傚涓€浜涗汉鍙兘浼氬紩鍙戝績鐞嗙棁鐘讹紝渚嬪鐑﹁簛銆佺劍铏戙€佸け鐪犮€佸够瑙夈€佹敾鍑绘€с€佹姂閮佸拰鑷潃鎬濈淮鎴栬涓恒€侟/p>

杩欑被鑽墿鍖呮嫭Singulair (montelukast锛屽瓱椴佸徃鐗?锛 Accolate (鎵庨瞾鍙哥壒) 鍜孼yflo (榻愮暀閫?绛夈€備絾鏄彧鏈塖ingulair琚壒鍑嗙敤浜庢不鐤楄姳绮夎繃鏁忋€傚叾浠栫殑涓昏鐢ㄤ簬娌荤枟鍝枠銆侟/p>

杩囨晱鍘熷厤鐤枟娉 (Allergen immunotherapy)

杩欑鐤楁硶灏辨槸寰簭娓愯繘鍦 (鍓傞噺閫愭笎澧炲姞) 璁╄韩浣撴帴瑙﹁繃鏁忓師锛岀壒鍒槸閭ｄ簺闅句互閬垮厤鐨勮繃鏁忓師锛屽鑺辩矇锛屽皹铻ㄥ拰闇夎弻绛夌瓑锛屼粠鑰岃缁冨厤鐤郴缁熼伩鍏嶅杩欎簺杩囨晱鍘熷仛鍑轰笉蹇呰鐨勮繃婵€鍙嶅簲銆傚綋鍏朵粬鎵€鏈夌殑鐤楁硶閮芥棤鏁堟垨鑰愬彈鏃讹紝鍙互浣跨敤鍏嶇柅鐤楁硶銆備絾鏄繖绉嶇枟娉曢渶瑕佹暟鏈堟墠鑳借鏁堬紝鏁板勾鎵嶈兘缁存寔銆侟/p>

鍏嶇柅鐤楁硶涓昏鏈変袱绉嶏細鑴辨晱閽 (shots) 鍜岃垖涓嬪厤鐤枟娉 (sublingual immunotherapy锛孲LIT)銆侟/p>

鑴辨晱閽堥€氬父闇€瑕佷竴鍛ㄦ敞灏勪竴娆℃垨涓ゆ锛屾寔缁笁鑷冲叚涓湀銆傛帴涓嬫潵鐨?-5骞磋繕瑕佹椂涓嶆椂鐨勬墦鍑犻拡鏉ョ淮鎸併€傚畠鍙兘鐨勫壇浣滅敤鍖呮嫭娉ㄥ皠閮ㄤ綅鐨勫埡婵€銆佹墦鍠峰殢銆佸厖琛€鎴栬崹楹荤柟绛夎繃鏁忕棁鐘躲€傛瀬灏戞暟鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鑴辨晱閽堜細寮曡捣浜轰綋鐨勮繃婵€鍙嶅簲锛屾瘮濡傝繃鏁忔€т紤鍏嬶紝閫犳垚鐢熷懡鍗遍櫓銆侟/p>

鑸屼笅鍏嶇柅鐤楁硶鏄皢涓€绉嶅惈鏈夎繃鏁忓師鐨勮嵂鐗囨垨鑰呮恫浣撳埗鍓傜疆浜庤垖涓嬭€岃鍚告敹銆傝繖绉嶇枟娉曟瘡澶╀娇鐢紝宸茶璇佹槑鍙互鍑忓皯娴侀蓟娑曪紝榧诲瓙鍏呰锛岀溂鐫涗笉鑸掓湇鍜屽叾浠栦笌鑺辩矇杩囨晱鏈夊叧鐨勭棁鐘躲€傚畠杩樺彲浠ユ敼鍠勫摦鍠樼棁鐘讹紝骞跺彲鑳介闃插摦鍠樼殑鎭跺寲銆侟/p>

杩勪粖涓烘锛岃繕娌℃湁鍙戠幇鑸屼笅鍏嶇柅鐤楁硶鏈変粈涔堜弗閲嶆垨鑷村懡鐨勫弽搴斻€傚ぇ澶氭暟浜洪兘浼氬嚭鐜拌交寰殑鍓綔鐢紝渚嬪鍙ｈ厰鐥掔瓑銆備腑搴﹀壇浣滅敤姣旇緝灏戣锛?2,000娆℃湇鑽腑鏈?渚嬶級锛屽寘鎷伓蹇冿紝鍛曞悙锛岃吂閮ㄧ粸鐥涘拰鑵规郴锛涜崹楹荤柟鍜岃绠＄缁忔€ф按鑲匡紱鍝枠鐥囩姸绛夈€侟/p>

浠€涔堟椂鍊欓渶瑕佺湅鍖荤敓锛烖/p>

鍗充娇鏄潪澶勬柟杩囨晱鑽墿涔熸湁鍓綔鐢紝涓€浜涜繃鏁忚嵂鐗╀笌鍏朵粬鑽墿鍚屾椂浣跨敤浼氭湁闂銆侟/p>

濡傛灉浣跨敤闈炲鏂硅嵂鐗╀竴涓湀浠ュ悗鐥囩姸閮芥病鏈夌紦瑙ｏ紝鎴栬€呮偍鎷呭績鍓綔鐢紝灏卞簲璇ュ幓鍖婚櫌鍜ㄨ涓撳銆傚尰鐢熷彲浠ユ牴鎹瘡涓汉鐗瑰畾鐨勮韩浣撴儏鍐垫潵璋冩暣鑽墿绉嶇被鍜屽墏閲忋€侟/p>

鍦ㄤ互涓嬫儏鍐典笅锛屽挩璇㈠尰鐢熷挨涓洪噸瑕侊細

鎬€瀛曟垨鍝轰钩鏈熴€侟/p>

鑰佷汉鎴栬€呭効绔ヨ繃鏁忋€傚効绔ラ渶瑕佷笌鎴愪汉涓嶅悓鐨勮嵂鐗╂垨鑰呭墏閲忋€備竴浜涜繃鏁忚嵂鐗╁鑰佷汉鍙兘浼氬鑷翠竴浜涗弗閲嶇殑鍓綔鐢紝濡傛€濈淮娣蜂贡锛屽翱璺棶棰樼瓑銆侟/p>

鎮ｆ湁鎱㈡€х柧鐥咃紝濡傜硸灏跨梾锛岄潚鍏夌溂锛岄璐ㄧ枏鏉剧棁鎴栭珮琛€鍘嬨€侟/p>

姝ｅ湪鏈嶇敤鍏朵粬鑽墿锛屽寘鎷腑鑽拰淇濆仴鍝併€侟/p>

浣滆€呯畝浠嬶細

鍙查毥

鍙查毥锛岀瑪鍚嶁€滈殢蹇冩墍娆茬殑鐚€濓紝鐜板眳缇庡浗娉㈠＋椤裤€傛湰绉戞瘯涓氫簬娓呭崕澶у鐢熺墿绉戝涓庢妧鏈郴锛屽湪缇庡浗鑾峰緱鍗氬＋瀛︿綅鍚庡姞鍏ユ煇璺ㄥ浗鐭ュ悕鑽紒浠庝簨鑽墿鐮斿彂銆傚崄浣欏勾涓紝甯﹂鍥㈤槦涓庣硸灏跨梾銆佽倢鑲夎悗缂╃棁绛変綔鏂椾簤锛岃繎骞存潵鐫€閲嶄簬鎶楄“鑰佽嵂鐗╃殑鐮旂┒鍜屽紑鍙戙€備釜浜哄井淇″叕浼楀彿鈥滄€＄劧闅忓績鈥濓紝涓庢偍鑱婂尰鐤椾繚鍋ョ殑閭ｄ簺浜嬨€侟/p>

鍙傝€冩枃鐚?/p>

[1] R. Tan et al., The Burden of Rhinitis and the Impact of Medication Management within the Community Pharmacy Setting. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice 6, 1717-1725 (2018).

[2] W. F. Long, R. J. Taylor, C. J. Wagner, D. C. Leavengood, H. S. Nelson, Skin test suppression by antihistamines and the development of subsensitivity. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 76, 113-117 (1985).

[3] J. Bousquet, I. Chanal, W. Skassa-Brociek, C. Lemonier, F. B. Michel, Lack of subsensitivity to loratadine during long-term dosing during 12 weeks. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 86, 248-253 (1990).

[4]https://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0615/p1440.html

[5] J. M. Weiner, M. J. Abramson, R. M. Puy, Intranasal corticosteroids versus oral H1 receptor antagonists in allergic rhinitis: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 317, 1624-1629 (1998).

[6] A. Y谩?ez, G. J. Rodrigo, Intranasal corticosteroids versus topical H1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 89, 479-484 (2002).

鐗堟潈璇存槑锛氭杩庝釜浜鸿浆鍙戯紝浠讳綍褰㈠紡鐨勫獟浣撴垨鏈烘瀯鏈粡鎺堟潈锛屼笉寰楄浆杞藉拰鎽樼紪銆傝浆杞芥巿鏉冭鍦ㄣ€岃繑鏈淬€嶅井淇″叕浼楀彿鍐呰仈绯诲悗鍙般€侟/p>

銆婅繑鏈淬€嬶紝绉戝瀹堕鑸殑濂界鏅€傚浗闄呰憲鍚嶇墿鐞嗗瀹舵枃灏忓垰涓庣敓鐗╁瀹堕瀹佸叡鍚屽嚭浠绘€荤紪杈戯紝涓庢暟鍗佷綅涓嶅悓棰嗗煙涓€娴佸鑰呯粍鎴愮殑缂栧浼氫竴璧凤紝涓庝綘鍏卞悓姹傜储銆傚叧娉ㄣ€婅繑鏈淬€嬪弬涓庢洿澶氳璁恒€備簩娆¤浆杞芥垨鍚堜綔璇疯仈绯籪anpusci@163.com銆侟/p>