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好百科首页 > 绐佺劧闂讳笉鍑洪キ棣欙紝鍜屾柊鍐犵梾姣掓湁鍏崇郴鍚楋紵

绐佺劧闂讳笉鍑洪キ棣欙紝鍜屾柊鍐犵梾姣掓湁鍏崇郴鍚楋紵

杩旀湸 2020-07-13 浏览105次
绐佺劧闂讳笉鍑洪キ棣欙紝鍜屾柊鍐犵梾姣掓湁鍏崇郴鍚楋紵鐨勫ご鍥?>

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[1] Robert Pellegrino, Keiland W Cooper, Antonella Di Pizio, Paule V Joseph, Surabhi Bhutani, Valentina Parma, Coronaviruses and the Chemical Senses: Past, Present, and Future, Chemical Senses, bjaa031, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa031

[2] Why COVID-19 is both startlingly unique and painfully familiar, from https://www.sciencenews.org/article/coronavirus-pandemic-six-months-covid-19-symptoms

[3] Why COVID-19 Makes People Lose Their Sense of Smell, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-covid-19-makes-people-lose-their-sense-of-smell1/

[4] https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/health/coronavirus-symptoms-smell-taste.html

[5] COVID-19 Leaves a Bad Taste, Literally, For Some Children Who Recovered From Virus, from https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/covid-19-leaves-a-bad-taste-literally-for-some-children-who-recovered-from-virus/ar-BB15Dj5E

[6] Coronavirus, COVID-19 symptoms may include loss of smell or taste, from https://www.today.com/health/coronavirus-covid-19-symptoms-may-include-loss-smell-or-taste-t176597

[7] Yan, Carol H.锛孎araji, Farhoud锛孭rajapati, Divya P.锛孫strander, Benjamin T.锛孌eConde, Adam S.锛 Self-reported olfactory loss associates with outpatient clinical course in COVID-19. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.22592

[8] https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/doi/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041/5860460

[9] https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/S0092-8674(20)30229-4.pdf

[10] https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.15.097352v2

[11] Abdul Mannan Baig, Areeba Khaleeq, Usman Ali, and Hira Syeda,ACS Chemical Neuroscience 2020 11 (7), 995-998,DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00122

[12] Eliezer M, Hautefort C, Hamel A, et al. Sudden and Complete Olfactory Loss Function as a Possible Symptom of COVID-19. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Published online April 08, 2020. doi:10.1001/jamaoto.2020.0832


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标题:绐佺劧闂讳笉鍑洪キ棣欙紝鍜屾柊鍐犵梾姣掓湁鍏崇郴鍚楋紵 网址:http://www.jrxk.cn/view/211891.html

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